AD DS : DCPROMO fails with A domain controller for the specified domain could not be located.
Check the DCPROMO log files located under: C:\Windows\Debug.
Perform the following test on the server: nltest /dsgetdc:<fqdn of a functioning domain controller>
You can also confirm, that you can lookup srv records in DNS, execute the following from a command prompt:
- nslookup
- set type=all
- _ldap._tcp.dc._msdcs.<domain_name>
If SRV records are returned then it is more than likle this is a firewall related issue. Check logs for blocked traffic, specifically on UDP and TCP port 389.